Congress OF THE United States
begun and held at the City of New-York, on Wednesday the Fourth
of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty nine.
THE Conventions of a number of the States having at the time
of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order
to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further
declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending
the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best insure
the beneficent ends of its institution
RESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America, in Congress assembled, two thirds of both Houses
concurring, that the following Articles be proposed to the Legislatures
of the several States, as Amendments to the Constitution of the
United States, all or any of which Articles, when ratified by
three fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents
and purposes, as part of the said Constitution; viz.:
ARTICLES in addition to, and Amendment of the Constitution of
the United States of America, proposed by Congress, and ratified
by the Legislatures of the several States, pursuant to the fifth
Article of the original Constitution.
- Article the first [Not Ratified]
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- After the first enumeration required by the first Article
of the Constitution, there shall be one Representative for every
thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred,
after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress,
that there shall be not less than one hundred Representatives,
nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons,
until the number of Representatives shall amount to two hundred;
after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Congress,
that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives,
nor more than one Representative for every fifty thousand persons.
Article the second [Amendment XXVII - Ratified 1992]
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- No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators
and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of
Representatives shall have intervened.
Article the third [Amendment I]
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- Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging
the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the
people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government
for a redress of grievances.
Article the fourth [Amendment II]
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- A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security
of a free State, the right of the people to keep
and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
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- Article the fifth [Amendment III]
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- No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in
any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor
in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Article the sixth [Amendment IV]
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- The right of the people to be secure in their persons,
houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable
searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no
Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported
by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing
the place to be searched, and the persons or things
to be seized.
Article the seventh [Amendment V]
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- No person shall be held to answer for a capital,
or otherwise infamous crime, unless
on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury,
except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in
the Militia, when in actual service in time of War
or public danger; nor shall any person be subject
for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy
of life or limb; nor shall be compelled
in any criminal case to be a witness against himself,
nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without
due process of law; nor shall private property be
taken for public use, without just compensation.
Article the eighth [Amendment VI]
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- In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy
the right to a speedy and
public trial, by an impartial jury of the
State and district wherein the crime shall have
been committed, which district shall have been previously
ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature
and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with
the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process
for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have
the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.
Article the ninth [Amendment VII]
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- In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy
shall exceed twenty
dollars, the right of trial by jury
shall be preserved, and no fact tried by
a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court
of the United States, than according to the rules
of the common law.
Article the tenth [Amendment VIII]
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- Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive
fines imposed,
nor cruel and unusual punishments
inflicted.
Article the eleventh [Amendment IX]
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- The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights,
shall not be construed
to deny or disparage others
retained by the people.
Article the twelfth [Amendment X]
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- The powers not delegated to the United States by
the Constitution,
nor prohibited by
it to the States, are reserved
to the States respectively, or to the people.
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